The Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert, is a vast arid region located in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent. It spans across the Indian states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, and Haryana, as well as the southeastern part of Pakistan. Covering an area of about 200,000 square kilometers, the Thar Desert is characterized by its extreme temperatures, with scorching hot summers and chilly winters. Despite its harsh conditions, the desert is home to a variety of plant and animal species, including the Indian gazelle (chinkara), desert fox, and various reptiles and birds. The region is also rich in cultural heritage, with vibrant traditions, music, dance, and festivals, and is famous for its historical forts and palaces in cities like Jaisalmer, Bikaner, and Jodhpur.